The No. 1 Document of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has been released! Key grain-related policies summarized.

On February 21, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the “Implementation Opinions on Carrying Out the Key Work Arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council for Fully Advancing Rural Revitalization in 2023,” commonly known as the Ministry’s No. 1 Document. The document further outlines the tasks and requirements set forth in the 2023 Central No. 1 Document, emphasizing the need to vigorously strengthen grain and agricultural production to ensure a stable and secure supply of food and key agricultural products.

Ensuring the supply of grain and other key agricultural products is of paramount importance. The “Opinions” adopt a structure broadly similar to that of the Central No. 1 Document, placing food security at the top of the agenda. The document comprises eight sections and 38 provisions, calling for vigorous efforts to strengthen grain and agricultural production and to guarantee a stable and secure supply of grain and essential agricultural commodities.

Given the lengthy nature of the document, we have distilled the key grain-related policies for your reference:

First place:

We will continue to prioritize ensuring a stable and secure supply of grain and other essential agricultural products, comprehensively strengthen the foundations of food security, and enhance overall agricultural productivity.

Objective:

Launch a new round of initiatives to boost grain production capacity by 100 billion jin.

It is necessary to stabilize sown area, increase per-unit yield, and ensure that the nation’s total grain output remains above 1.3 trillion jin.

The grain production targets have been allocated to all provinces, ensuring that the national grain‑sown area remains stable at no less than 1.77 billion mu.

Red line:

Strictly prevent “cutting green crops to destroy grain.”

Uphold the red line for arable land. Firmly implement the targets to protect 1.865 billion mu of arable land and 1.546 billion mu of permanent basic farmland, guiding localities to allocate these targets in full and with specific locations, ensuring that the designated areas are accurately delineated, supplemented, and entered into the national database.

Genetically modified:

Accelerate the industrialization of biological breeding, further expand the scope of pilot programs for the commercial application of genetically modified corn and soybeans, and strengthen regulatory oversight in accordance with the law.

Wheat:

Stabilize wheat acreage;

Ensure the effective implementation of the minimum wheat purchase price;

Implement key measures such as the “one spray, three protections” approach for wheat and the “one spray, multiple boosts” strategy for rice and corn.

Rice grain:

Stabilize double-cropping rice production in the southern region and develop ratoon rice tailored to local conditions.

Effectively implement policies such as the minimum purchase price for rice and rice subsidies;

Implement key measures such as the “one spray, multiple benefits” approach for rice.
 

Corn:

Unlock the potential for expanding corn acreage in the northern agro-pastoral ecotone and the southwestern region.

Focusing on soybeans and corn, we will launch a project to boost the per-unit yield of major grain and oilseed crops.

Implement key measures such as the “one spray, multiple benefits” approach for corn.
 

Soybeans:

Step up efforts to expand the cultivation of soybeans and oilseed crops;

Deeply advance the National Soybean and Oilseed Production Capacity Enhancement Project;

Soybean and oilseed acreage has been allocated to each province and incorporated into the performance assessment system for food security, under the principle of joint responsibility between Party and government bodies.

Make every possible effort to stabilize soybean acreage and strive for an increase.

Reasonably set the subsidy standards for corn and soybean producers;

In the Northeast region, grain–soybean rotation is being vigorously promoted, and rice-to-soybean conversion is being carried out on a moderate scale;

Stabilize the scale of soybean–corn strip intercropping in the Northwest region, and expand its adoption in the Southwest, the Huanghuaihai Plain, and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

In the secondary cotton-growing region of Xinjiang, cotton–soybean rotation is being promoted, and a two-year soybean–wheat rotation system is being developed.

Full text of the document:

Implementation Opinions of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Carrying Out the CPC Central Committee and the State Council’s Key Work Arrangements for Comprehensively Advancing Rural Revitalization in 2023

To the Departments (Bureaus, Commissions) of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, State Farms, and Fisheries of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government; to the Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps; to all departments and bureaus of the Ministry, as well as its dispatched agencies; to the Comprehensive Department of the National Administration for Rural Revitalization; and to all units directly affiliated with the Ministry:

 
The year 2023 marks the inaugural year for fully implementing the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, as well as the starting point for accelerating the building of a strong agricultural country. All levels of agricultural and rural affairs departments, along with rural revitalization agencies, must be guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, comprehensively implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress, the Central Economic Work Conference, and the Central Rural Work Conference, and deeply put into practice General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important expositions on “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” work. They should fully, accurately, and comprehensively apply the new development philosophy, accelerate the establishment of a new development pattern, focus on promoting high-quality development, uphold and strengthen the Party’s overall leadership over “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” work, adhere to the principle of giving priority to agricultural and rural development, pursue integrated urban–rural development, and anchor themselves in the goal of building a strong agricultural country. At the same time, they must spare no effort to safeguard the two bottom lines—ensuring national food security and preventing large-scale relapse into poverty—while steadily advancing key tasks such as rural development, rural construction, and rural governance, comprehensively promoting rural revitalization, accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, and building beautiful, livable, and prosperous villages, thereby laying a solid foundation for making a good start and achieving steady progress in the all-round building of a modern socialist country.

In terms of work planning, priority is given to advancing “three forms of coordination.” First, coordinate efforts to boost production capacity and optimize the agricultural structure. By placing the stable and secure supply of grain and other key agricultural products at the top of the agenda, we will comprehensively strengthen the foundations of food security and enhance overall agricultural productivity. We will vigorously develop modern facility‑based agriculture, accelerate the establishment of a diversified food‑supply system, and strive to further improve our capacity to ensure food security while continuously refining the structure of agricultural production. Second, coordinate efforts to consolidate poverty‑alleviation achievements and increase farmers’ incomes. Integrating those who have been lifted out of poverty into the broader framework of rural income growth, we will concentrate more resources and efforts on industrial development, employment, and entrepreneurship, adopting multiple measures to bolster endogenous development momentum and broaden channels for farmers to increase their incomes and become better off, thereby ensuring steady growth in rural incomes and the sustained consolidation and expansion of poverty‑alleviation gains. Third, coordinate rural development and rural governance. Upholding a dual approach that emphasizes both material and spiritual progress, we will improve and upgrade the rural living environment, enhance rural infrastructure and the quality of public services, strengthen the effectiveness of rural governance, and reinforce rural cultural and ethical development, striving to achieve new breakthroughs in building livable, workable, and beautiful villages and to accelerate improvements in rural production and living conditions.

I. Strengthen and improve grain and agricultural production to ensure a stable and secure supply of grain and key agricultural products.

(1) Make every effort to secure a bumper grain harvest. Launch a new round of initiatives to boost grain production capacity by 50 million tons, formulate implementation plans, strengthen farmland infrastructure, advance agricultural scientific and technological innovation, and consolidate the foundational support for national food security. It is essential to stabilize sown area and increase per‑unit yield, ensuring that national grain output remains above 650 million metric tons. Firmly shoulder responsibilities to maintain stable acreage. Strictly enforce the Party‑government joint accountability system for food security. With approval from the State Council, assign grain production targets to each province, guaranteeing that the national grain‑sown area stays at no less than 118 million hectares. Stabilize wheat acreage, sustain double‑cropping rice production in southern regions, develop ratoon rice tailored to local conditions, and tap the potential for expanding corn acreage in northern agro‑pastoral transition zones and the southwestern region. Vigorously prevent “green harvesting” that destroys grain crops. Strengthen guidance to raise per‑unit yields. Deeply implement green, high‑quality, and efficient farming initiatives; select key counties (and farms) to establish “ton‑per‑mu” grain fields, and comprehensively promote high‑yield, high‑efficiency technology packages. Focusing on soybeans and corn, launch projects to boost per‑unit yields of major grain and oilseed crops, breed and disseminate density‑tolerant varieties, and integrate precision fertilization, smart irrigation, and other advanced technologies. Continuously reduce post‑harvest losses through mechanized harvesting. Improve mechanisms for ensuring the supply and stabilizing prices of agricultural inputs, and enhance the allocation and distribution of fertilizers, pesticides, and seeds. Strengthen support to ensure stable incomes. Issue guiding opinions to refine the mechanism for safeguarding farmers’ incomes from grain production, fully implement policies such as minimum purchase prices for rice and wheat and subsidies for rice cultivation, and gradually expand coverage of full‑cost insurance and planting‑income insurance for rice, wheat, and corn. Enhance the benefit‑compensation mechanism for major grain‑producing areas and increase rewards for large grain‑producing counties. Prevent and mitigate disasters to minimize losses. Strengthen meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning systems, develop technical guidelines and operational contingency plans for disaster prevention and mitigation, ensure adequate stockpiles of supplies and technical readiness, and implement critical measures such as the “one spray, three protections” for wheat and the “one spray, multiple boosts” for rice and corn, thereby scientifically guarding against drought, flooding, typhoons, low‑temperature frost damage, and heat stress. Reinforce the system for controlling crop diseases and pests, intensifying monitoring and early warning, joint prevention and control, unified pest management, and emergency response, effectively curbing threats posed by wheat stripe rust, rice’s “two migratory” pests, fall armyworm, and other harmful organisms, thus protecting harvests from pest‑induced losses. Organize localities to establish permanent emergency agricultural machinery service teams. Actively promote grain conservation and loss reduction, put an end to food waste at the dining table, advocate healthy eating, and effectively ease pressure on supply chains.

(2) Strengthen efforts to expand the cultivation of soybeans and oilseed crops. Deeply advance the national initiative to boost soybean and oilseed production capacity. Allocate soybean and oilseed planting areas to each province and incorporate them into the performance assessment system for Party‑government joint responsibility for food security. Make every effort to stabilize soybean acreage and strive to increase it. Reasonably set producer subsidies for corn and soybeans, effectively implement pilot programs for full-cost insurance and income insurance for soybean cultivation, and vigorously promote grain–soybean rotation in Northeast China while appropriately encouraging rice–soybean conversion in suitable areas. Maintain the scale of strip intercropping of soybeans and corn in Northwest China, and expand its adoption in Southwest China, the Huanghuaihai Plain, and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In Xinjiang’s secondary cotton‑suitable zones, promote cotton–soybean rotation and develop wheat–soybean alternate‑year rotation. Steadily develop saline‑alkali lands and rehabilitate fallow fields for soybean cultivation. Pursue a diversified approach to expand oilseed acreage. Increase the scale of rewards for major oilseed‑producing counties. Implement crop‑rotation projects, provide subsidies for converting winter‑fallow fields to rapeseed cultivation, and promote cropping systems such as rice–rapeseed, rice–rice–rapeseed, and dryland rapeseed. In the Huanghuaihai Plain and the northern agro‑pastoral ecotone, develop corn–peanut rotation, and, according to local conditions, foster specialized oilseed production of sunflower, sesame, and other crops. Integrate advanced technologies to raise per‑unit yields. Launch county‑wide (or farm‑wide) high‑yield initiatives for soybeans and rapeseed, establish model plots of “100 mu fields, 1,000 mu blocks, and 10,000 mu tracts,” showcase a batch of new varieties, integrate and disseminate innovative technologies and practices, and drive balanced yield and efficiency gains across large areas. Organize high‑yield competitions by crop type and summarize and promote replicable high‑yield models by region. Strengthen field management of drought‑affected rapeseed crops in the Yangtze River Basin, drill more drought‑resistant wells, and promptly help weak plants recover and strengthen. Accelerate the breeding of specialized varieties and the modification and promotion of supporting agricultural machinery for soybean–corn strip intercropping; formulate technical plans at the provincial level, conduct region‑specific training and guidance, and enhance the rate of technology adoption and coverage.

 
(3) Enhance the supply capacity of live pigs and other livestock products. Focus on stabilizing pig production, expanding cattle and sheep farming, and revitalizing the dairy industry to enhance the quality and efficiency of animal husbandry. Strengthen regulation of hog production capacity by conducting performance assessments to ensure that the sow inventory remains within an appropriate range of around 41 million head. Enhance market monitoring, early warning systems, and information dissemination to guide farms and farmers in making informed production decisions and preventing sharp fluctuations. Steadily develop herbivore livestock farming. Launch initiatives to increase both the quantity and quality of beef and mutton production, continue supporting the transformation and upgrading of grassland-based animal husbandry in pastoral areas, and implement policies providing subsidies and rewards for grassland ecological protection. Implement county‑wide projects to boost dairy production capacity, strengthen the development of milk‑source bases, and support pilot programs integrating dairy farming with processing and value addition. Develop and utilize feed resources: vigorously advance efforts to reduce and replace soybean meal, and widely promote low‑protein diet technologies. Initiate a campaign to increase forage production while conserving grain, establish high‑quality, water‑efficient, high‑yield, and stable forage production bases, and vigorously expand the cultivation of silage corn, alfalfa, and other premium forages, while adapting to local conditions to make use of crop residues and specialty forage resources. Expand pilot programs for utilizing table‑leftover food and carcasses of fur‑bearing animals as animal feed. Strengthen prevention and control of major animal diseases: reinforce the grassroots animal disease‑prevention and control system, carry out zoned prevention and control measures for major animal diseases such as African swine fever, and implement source‑control strategies for key zoonotic diseases. Deepen the five‑year action plan for brucellosis control among livestock, build a number of disease‑free farms, disease‑free communities, and disease‑free zones, and establish several seed‑production facilities free from specified aquatic animal diseases.

4. Promote high-quality development of the fisheries sector. Promote sustainable aquaculture. Deeply implement the “Five Major Initiatives” for advancing green aquaculture technologies, and establish national-level demonstration zones for healthy and ecological aquaculture. Stabilize the area under aquaculture, formulate a national plan for the use of aquaculture waters and tidal flats, achieve full coverage in the issuance of aquaculture permits, and accelerate the establishment of a protection system for key aquaculture waters and tidal flats. Advance responsible fishing practices. Strengthen total allowable catch management, push forward reforms in vessel management, and explore pilot programs for quota-based fishing in the Bohai Sea. Support the green transformation of the entire industrial chain of distant-water fisheries, enhance the development of distant-water fishing bases, and increase efforts to bring back domestically caught fish. Launch demonstration projects to build safe and secure fisheries. Expand development space. Actively promote deep- and far‑sea aquaculture, constructing a number of large, intelligent, offshore aquaculture farms. Vigorously develop ecological fisheries on extensive water bodies, standardize stock enhancement and restocking activities, and steadily advance integrated rice–fish farming. Tailor-made approaches to saline‑alkali land remediation through aquaculture should be promoted according to local conditions. Establish a number of national-level marine ranching demonstration zones, make solid progress in building national-level fishing port economic zones, and advance reforms in fishing port management.

(5) Vigorously develop modern facility agriculture. Formulate guiding opinions on the development of facility agriculture, implement the National Plan for Building Modern Facility Agriculture, launch an initiative to upgrade and modernize facility agriculture, and promote its overall upgrading. Conduct pilot programs for interest subsidies on facility‑agriculture loans, broaden funding channels through the issuance of special local government bonds and policy‑based financial instruments, and encourage bundling eligible projects for implementation by market entities in accordance with regulations, thereby leveraging greater investment from financial and social capital into facility agriculture. Prioritize energy efficiency and machinery‑friendliness in developing facility‑based crop production. Implement subsidy policies for the construction of centralized seedling‑raising facilities, carry out pilot projects to renovate and upgrade aging facilities on a contiguous basis, and accelerate the development of centralized rice‑seedling centers, intensive vegetable‑seedling nurseries, and plant factories. On the premise of ecological protection and deep water conservation, support the use of non‑arable land in the cold‑dry regions of Northwest China and in Gobi areas to develop facility agriculture. Advance the development of grain‑producing‑area drying capacity and promptly address shortcomings in grain‑drying infrastructure and equipment. Focus on intensive, high‑efficiency practices in developing facility‑based animal husbandry. Deeply promote the establishment of standardized livestock and poultry‑breeding demonstration projects, develop three‑dimensional farming systems such as multi‑story pig farms and stacked, highly efficient poultry operations tailored to local conditions, and expedite the adoption of advanced, suitable technologies like environmental control and automated feeding systems. Center on healthy breeding practices in developing facility‑based fisheries. Promote eco‑friendly, environmentally sound cage‑culture in lakes and reservoirs, accelerate the construction of high‑standard aquaculture ponds, and ensure that effluent meets regulatory standards. Push forward the development of land‑based and deep‑sea aquaculture farms, actively popularize factory‑style recirculating‑water aquaculture, and steadily advance the deployment of truss‑type deep‑sea cages and aquaculture workboats.

 
(6) Coordinate and ensure the production of vegetables, cotton, sugar, rubber, and other key crops. Promote the diversified development of fruits, vegetables, and tea. Rigorously implement the mayoral accountability system for the “vegetable basket” initiative, refine the detailed rules for assessment, and guide large and medium-sized cities in improving their emergency supply plans for “vegetable basket” products. Establish a number of emergency vegetable supply bases to ensure both quantity and quality. Formulate guidelines for the high-quality development of the fruit industry, summarize and disseminate the “Yan’an Model” for fruit‑industry development, and advance the renovation of aging orchards and tea plantations. Stabilize the production of cotton, sugar, and rubber. Enhance the target‑price subsidy policy for cotton, and promote premium pricing for high‑quality Xinjiang cotton. Continue to implement subsidy policies for the promotion of improved varieties and advanced practices in sugarcane cultivation, and maintain comprehensive cost‑insurance and planting‑income insurance for sugarcane. Accelerate the renewal and upgrading of aging natural rubber plantations, and advance standardized production in rubber‑planting areas.

 
(7) Promote high-standard agricultural opening-up. Optimize the layout of foreign economic and trade cooperation. Launch a special initiative for high-quality development of agricultural trade, and designate the third batch of national bases for high-quality international agricultural trade. Continue to advance the construction of the Weifang and Ningxia National Comprehensive Pilot Zones for Agricultural Open Development, and support the establishment and effective operation of the Yangling SCO Demonstration Base for Agricultural Technology Exchange and Training. Deeply engage in global governance of food and agriculture. Host the inaugural Global Soil Health Forum and the International Conference on the Grape and Wine Industry, and further strengthen cooperation platforms for reducing food loss and safeguarding Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems. Deepen South–South and triangular cooperation in agriculture, and implement a new batch of field‑based projects.

II. Strengthen agricultural science and technology and equipment support to lay the foundation for building a strong agricultural nation.

(8) Strengthen the development of high-standard farmland. Develop an implementation plan to progressively convert all permanent basic farmland into high-standard farmland, clearly defining task assignments and timelines by region and land type, while increasing investment and ensuring sustained construction. Implement annual targets, guaranteeing the completion of 45 million mu of new construction and the renovation and upgrading of 35 million mu, addressing critical gaps such as soil improvement and on-farm irrigation and drainage infrastructure, and coordinating the development of efficient water-saving systems and integrated water–fertilizer application facilities. Strengthen investment efforts by innovating construction models and financing mechanisms, launching pilot projects for region-wide promotion of high-standard farmland development, and actively leveraging foreign capital to support green agricultural practices. Enhance management, maintenance, and oversight by improving and refining the institutional framework for managing and maintaining high-standard farmland, assigning dedicated personnel and measures, and securing funding through multiple channels. Establish a robust system of oversight and evaluation teams for farmland development, refine and optimize monitoring and assessment indicators, and bolster routine supervisory capabilities.

(9) Strengthen the protection of cultivated land and the management of its agricultural use. Uphold the red line for arable land. Firmly implement the targets of protecting 1.865 billion mu of arable land and 1.546 billion mu of permanent basic farmland, guiding localities to allocate these areas in full and with specific locations, ensuring that any losses are fully compensated and accurately mapped and registered. Refine the procedures for verifying the quality of newly added arable land. Strictly regulate the conversion of arable land to other agricultural uses, and steadily promote the orderly restoration of arable land that has been diverted to other agricultural purposes. Enhance arable land quality. Deeply advance the National Black Soil Protection Project, completing the task of protecting and sustainably utilizing 100 million mu of black soil in Northeast China. Implement the Action Plan for Conservation Tillage on Northeast China’s Black Soils, applying conservation tillage on more than 90 million mu. Severely crack down on illegal excavation of black soil and electro‑fishing for earthworms, as well as other activities that damage the soil. Strengthen control over the use of arable land. Formulate guiding opinions for pilot programs on managing the intended use of arable land. Select a group of counties with strong regional representativeness and solid foundational work to carry out pilot projects, accelerating the development of legal, policy, and technical frameworks for regulating the intended use of arable land. Leveraging big data technologies such as agricultural remote sensing, create a nationwide “single map” for monitoring and managing the intended use of arable land. Expedite the national soil survey. Conduct the Third National Soil Survey comprehensively, completing more than half of the survey tasks for arable land, orchards, forests, grasslands, and other agricultural lands.
 

(10) Accelerate efforts to tackle key core technologies in agriculture. Organize interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral research teams to tackle key challenges collaboratively, establish an integrated innovation platform for advanced agricultural technologies, and promote the coordinated integration and comprehensive synergy of individual technological components, so as to swiftly scale up mature technologies from isolated applications to widespread deployment across entire regions. Advance scientific and technological innovation by comprehensively launching initiatives to master critical core agricultural technologies, strengthening collaboration between central and local authorities and fostering partnerships between enterprises and research institutions, with the aim of achieving breakthroughs in cutting-edge fields. Improve the innovation system by optimizing the modern agricultural industrial technology framework, building a national strategic force in agricultural science and technology, encouraging localities to develop industry‑specific technology systems for their signature, high‑value agricultural products, and promoting the establishment of an agricultural science and technology innovation system characterized by tiered structure, clear division of labor, and appropriate competition. Push forward the development of national centers for agricultural science and technology innovation and agricultural innovation alliances, and accelerate the cultivation of leading agri‑tech enterprises. Enhance innovation conditions by supporting the construction of major innovation platforms in the agricultural sector, establishing a network of international joint agricultural research centers, regional public R&D hubs, key laboratories under the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and long‑term, foundational agricultural observation stations. Expedite the implementation of priority projects at the National Center for Tropical Agricultural Sciences. Accelerate the application of technologies by refining the grassroots agricultural extension system and implementing large‑scale collaborative promotion programs for key agricultural technologies. Establish national demonstration and showcase bases for modern agricultural science and technology on a regional basis, and carry out integrated trials and demonstrations of advanced grain and oilseed production technologies.
 

(11) Deeply implement the initiative to revitalize the seed industry. Accelerate resource surveys. Complete the nationwide agricultural germplasm resource survey in full, expedite the construction of national genebanks for livestock, poultry, and aquatic species, and establish a precise identification and evaluation mechanism for germplasm resources that is open, collaborative, and based on shared access and application. Promote breeding innovation. Fully implement major projects in agricultural biotechnology‑based breeding, steadily advance the National Joint Breeding Program and the Livestock and Poultry Genetic Improvement Plan, and strengthen the development of new varieties, including high‑yielding, high‑oil soybeans, short‑maturing rapeseed, ratoon rice, and salt‑alkali‑tolerant crops. Speed up the industrialization of biological breeding, further expand the scope of pilot programs for the commercial use of genetically modified corn and soybeans, and strengthen regulatory oversight in accordance with the law. Advance the industrial-scale promotion and application of domestically developed white‑feathered broiler breeds. Strengthen policy support. Enhance the development of national seed industry bases. Launch comprehensive initiatives to support and upgrade leading seed enterprises. Conduct a year‑long campaign on seed industry regulation and law enforcement, and promote the implementation of seed quality certification.
 

(12) Accelerate the research, development, and dissemination of advanced agricultural machinery. We will steadfastly strengthen both R&D and manufacturing as well as promotion and application, give equal weight to producers and users, and make every effort to upgrade agricultural machinery. We will accelerate efforts to address existing shortcomings by launching a targeted initiative to bolster weak links in agricultural equipment, focusing on overcoming bottlenecks in “large‑scale” and “small‑scale” machinery. This will drive breakthroughs in the development and deployment of tractors for hilly and mountainous terrain, continuously variable‑transmission tractors with 300 horsepower, harvesters for ratoon rice, and specialized machinery for strip intercropping of soybeans and corn. We will promote the adoption of suitable agricultural machinery by establishing pilot zones for the demonstration and widespread use of “large‑scale” and “small‑scale” equipment, and continuing trials that integrate R&D, manufacturing, and application. We will support agricultural machinery enterprises in combining new‑product development with technological upgrades, ensuring adequate supply of key equipment for strip intercropping of soybeans and corn, rapeseed transplanting, and other priority applications. We will also encourage the integrated use of Beidou‑based intelligent monitoring terminals and assisted‑driving systems. In addition, we will reinforce policy support by refining subsidies for the purchase and use of agricultural machinery and exploring subsidy mechanisms linked to actual workload. We will expand the scope of policies providing subsidies for scrapping and upgrading outdated machinery, thereby accelerating the phase‑out of aging equipment. Finally, we will launch initiatives to foster safe and efficient agricultural machinery practices.
 

(13) Vigorously develop smart agriculture and digital villages. Promote data integration. Accelerate the development of the National Center for Agricultural Remote Sensing Applications and Research, and establish a platform for leveraging big data in agriculture and rural areas. Formulate management measures for agricultural statistical work and strengthen the data security institutional framework. Enhance the market monitoring and early-warning system for agricultural products. Regularly conduct statistical accounting of value added in agriculture and related industries. Foster innovation in digital technologies. Implement digital agriculture projects, establish a number of digital agriculture innovation centers and digital agriculture innovation application bases, and collaboratively advance research on critical core technologies for smart agriculture. Issue guiding opinions to expedite the development of digital villages and smart agriculture. Expand application scenarios. Recognize a group of demonstration bases for agricultural and rural informatization, and develop a number of smart farms (and ranches, fisheries). Deeply advance pilot programs for digital village construction.

III. Continuously consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, and strengthen the endogenous development momentum of formerly impoverished areas and populations.

(14) Strengthen dynamic monitoring and support to prevent relapse into poverty. Improve the monitoring mechanism. Guide localities in adjusting monitoring criteria, promptly identifying all households at risk of falling back into or slipping into poverty as monitoring subjects, and organize concentrated surveys to prevent relapse into poverty and provide targeted assistance. Strengthen inter‑departmental data sharing, coordination, and analysis and response. Implement support measures: for monitored households with employable members, roll out development‑oriented assistance policies to encourage self‑reliance and prosperity; for those without employable members, ensure adequate social assistance, medical coverage, and other safety‑net provisions, while gradually raising the level of such protections. Enhance assessment and evaluation: integrate post‑poverty‑alleviation outcome assessments, East–West collaboration evaluations, and performance reviews of central government units’ designated assistance efforts, and carry out systematic evaluations to ensure effective alignment between consolidating and expanding poverty‑alleviation achievements and advancing rural revitalization. Refine support policies: proactively plan institutional arrangements for the five‑year transition period following poverty eradication, promote the seamless integration of policies to prevent relapse into poverty with regularized assistance programs for low‑income rural populations, and explore the establishment of a long‑term support mechanism for less‑developed regions.

(15) Foster and strengthen distinctive industries in poverty-alleviation areas. . Deeply implement initiatives to upgrade specialty industries in poverty‑alleviation areas, bolstering the endogenous development momentum of these regions and their residents. Advance full‑chain development by increasing the share of central government fiscal funds allocated to rural revitalization—specifically for industrial development—to over 60 percent. Support poverty‑alleviation areas in focusing on “one leading industry with two supporting ones,” launching a series of projects that develop complete industrial chains, and carrying out technology transfer, infrastructure upgrades, brand marketing, and talent cultivation. Promote high‑quality development of backyard economies, strengthen guidance and services, and leverage the support provided by science and technology task forces and industry advisory teams to ensure the effective implementation of technical assistance and capacity‑building measures. Optimize micro‑credit policies for formerly impoverished populations and expand access to such credit for ordinary farming households. Launch consumption‑driven assistance programs to help farmers increase incomes, support poverty‑alleviation areas in building regional public brands, and establish emergency response mechanisms to address difficulties in selling agricultural products. Strengthen efforts to boost incomes through farmer‑linked development, improve and refine mechanisms for linking, supporting, and benefiting farmers, and hold accountable business entities for increasing incomes among formerly impoverished people and those under monitoring. Select and disseminate a number of exemplary models of farmer‑linkage and benefit‑sharing in poverty‑alleviation areas. Manage and make effective use of assets from poverty‑alleviation projects, and consolidate the achievements of photovoltaic‑based poverty‑alleviation initiatives.
 

(16) Promote stable employment for those who have been lifted out of poverty. Implement a targeted campaign to prevent relapse into poverty through employment, ensuring that the number of employed people who have been lifted out of poverty remains stable at over 30 million. Stabilize employment for those working away from home. Deepen labor cooperation between eastern and western regions, strengthen vocational skills training, and launch the “Yulu Program+” employment‑promotion initiative to help newly entering members of formerly impoverished households secure higher‑quality, more comprehensive employment, thereby stabilizing and expanding the overall employment base. Promote local and nearby employment opportunities. Establish a follow-up service mechanism for returnees and re‑migrants. Standardize the management of work‑for‑relief programs and public‑service positions, with a particular focus on guiding vulnerable and semi‑able‑bodied workers to find employment in agricultural industrial parks, agricultural and rural infrastructure projects, or in flexible‑employment arrangements. Foster the steady development of assistance workshops. Launch special campaigns to consolidate the achievements of relocation‑based poverty alleviation and to provide employment support to relocated populations, ensuring that all zero‑employment households among relocated residents who are willing and able to work are brought to zero on an ongoing basis.
 

(17) Deepen targeted assistance and social assistance. Strengthen targeted assistance. Improve the national monitoring and evaluation indicator system for key counties receiving rural revitalization support, and conduct assessments of development outcomes. Direct assistance resources toward these priority counties and implement a series of key projects to address shortcomings and boost revitalization. Provide “group‑based” support in education, healthcare, and cadre‑talent development to these key counties. Deepen social assistance. Solidly advance east–west collaboration by organizing economically more developed counties (cities, districts) in the eastern region to partner with poverty‑alleviated counties in the assisted areas, launching joint initiatives to promote revitalization through industrial transfer, project attraction, and co‑development of industrial parks. Continue to ensure effective designated assistance from central government units, while adjusting and refining pairing arrangements. Further advance the “Ten Thousand Enterprises Revitalize Ten Thousand Villages” initiative and launch special campaigns in which social organizations contribute to rural revitalization. Steadily carry out assistance efforts for Xinjiang and Tibet, as well as for key regions such as old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, and border areas.

IV. Strengthen the protection of agricultural resources and environmental governance, and advance a comprehensive green transformation of agriculture.

(18) Enhance the protection of agricultural resources. Promote the remediation of degraded farmland and other related measures. Optimize the deployment of pilot projects for addressing degraded farmland, launching acidified‑soil remediation pilots in major grain‑producing regions of southern China, and piloting salinized‑alkaline soil improvement in irrigated areas of the northwest, coastal zones, and the western Songnen Plain. Implement the classified management system for farmland and continue to advance the safe use of contaminated arable land. Strengthen the fallow‑and‑crop‑rotation regime. Enhance the conservation of aquatic biological resources. Further refine the marine seasonal fishing moratorium system, gradually expand the scope of authorized fishing during the moratorium period, fully enforce voluntary fishing closures on the high seas, and conduct scientifically sound and standardized stocking and release programs for aquatic species. Revise the regulations on the licensing of aquatic wildlife utilization, and carry out surveys of resources and habitats of precious and endangered species. Rigorously prevent and control the invasion of alien species. Conduct nationwide surveys of invasive alien species and improve the end‑to‑end regulatory framework covering source prevention, monitoring and early warning, and control and removal. Launch eradication campaigns targeting invasive alien species such as Solidago canadensis.
 

(19) Integrate and advance the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution. Promote the reduction and increased efficiency of fertilizer and pesticide use. Implement a fertilizer‑reduction initiative, establish demonstration zones integrating new fertilization technologies, products, and equipment, widely deploy intelligent, data‑driven fertilizer recommendation systems, and advance diversified alternatives to lower fertilizer inputs. Develop 100 counties (and farms) that comprehensively promote green pest‑control practices. Revise the list of prohibited and restricted pesticides and standardize pesticide industry management. Advance the resource‑based utilization of agricultural waste. Launch an initiative to upgrade facilities and equipment for livestock and poultry manure treatment, pilot green crop–livestock rotation systems, and promote ecological farming and aquaculture models. Deeply implement measures for the comprehensive utilization of crop straw, establishing a number of national key counties for straw‑utilization. Strengthen safety management of rural biogas systems. Solidly carry out pilot projects on the scientific use and recycling of plastic mulch, and introduce classified disposal of used agricultural plastic film. Develop eco‑friendly, low‑carbon agriculture and create a group of national-level ecological farms. Steadily advance emission reduction and carbon sequestration in agriculture and rural areas. Build pilot zones for green development. Select a number of agricultural green‑development pilot zones to conduct integrated trials for controlling non‑point source pollution, exploring the establishment of county‑wide, multi‑factor, end‑to‑end mechanisms for comprehensive prevention and control. Organize the designation of the third batch of National Agricultural Green‑Development Pilot Zones and formulate a monitoring and evaluation indicator system for agricultural green development.
 

(20) Strengthen ecological and environmental governance in key river basins. Persistently implement the ten-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River. Launch the “Warm-Hearted Action” to provide employment assistance to fishermen who have exited the industry, and ensure the effective implementation of policies on pension insurance, support, and relief for these fishermen. Accelerate the rollout of the “Bright River Project,” strengthening the capacity and capabilities of fisheries law enforcement teams, with a particular focus on the Yangtze River Basin. Conduct joint law enforcement operations and targeted campaigns, bolster the ranks of auxiliary patrol teams, and establish long-term mechanisms for inter‑departmental coordination and cross‑regional collaborative enforcement. Carry out monitoring of aquatic biological resources in the Yangtze River and assess their integrity through index evaluations to gauge the effectiveness of the fishing ban. Promote intensive water‑saving and water‑management practices in agriculture across the Yellow River Basin. Support the development of water‑efficient and rainfed farming in the Yellow River Basin, expedite the adoption of drought‑resistant, water‑saving technologies tailored to specific regions and crops, and advance crop‑selection strategies aligned with available water resources. Establish a long‑term mechanism for addressing prominent agricultural‑related environmental issues in the Yellow River Basin. In key river basins such as the Yellow River and the Yangtze, select a number of priority counties to implement comprehensive, county‑wide management of non‑point source pollution in agriculture.
 

(21) Increase the supply of green, high-quality agricultural products. We will deepen efforts to promote the “Three Products and One Standard” initiative in agricultural production and for agricultural products, expanding the scale of green, organic, geographically indicated, and specialty‑high‑quality new products. We will improve the standards system by formulating 500 national and industry standards covering residues of agricultural and veterinary drugs, thereby establishing a robust framework for high‑quality agricultural products and exploring an evaluation system that highlights premium quality attributes. We will advance standardization across the entire modern agricultural value chain and implement Good Agricultural Practices. We will refine the management system for product packaging and labeling, promoting graded classification and standardized packaging. We will strengthen quality and safety oversight by launching targeted campaigns to address prominent issues such as pesticide residues in yardlong beans, setting up provincial‑level task forces and regional working groups, and systematically advancing remediation from south to north according to market seasons. Regular monthly sampling inspections will be conducted, with rigorous follow‑up on identified problems, ensuring coordinated efforts between central and local authorities and deploying resources to the frontline. We will strictly prohibit the use of banned substances and tightly control exceedances of maximum residue limits for conventional pesticides. We will fully implement the newly revised Law on the Safety of Agricultural Products, accelerating the establishment of systems such as the certificate of compliance and traceability catalog, and improving risk monitoring and assessment mechanisms. We will promote the standardization of county‑level and township‑level agricultural product safety supervision institutions, bolstering grassroots inspection and regulatory teams and reinforcing grid‑based management at the township level. We will intensify brand‑building efforts by implementing the Geographical Indication Agricultural Products Protection Program. We will establish and consolidate high‑quality agricultural production bases, refine the agricultural brand catalog system, launch a program to cultivate premium agricultural brands, and expedite the development of a comprehensive agricultural branding standards framework. We will also formulate regulations governing agricultural and rural trade fairs, ensuring the successful organization of events such as the China International Agricultural Products Fair and the China International Tea Expo.

V. Foster and strengthen rural industries, and broaden channels for farmers to increase their incomes and become prosperous.

(22) Vigorously develop distinctive rural industries. Emphasizing the “local specialties” requirement, we will implement a nationwide initiative to upgrade key rural industries, establish and refine a robust work‑implementation system, and accelerate the modernization of agriculture across the entire value chain. We will strengthen pillar industries by cultivating a group of leading sectors that boast distinct resource advantages, strong growth potential, and significant spillover effects. Localities will be guided to develop industry‑specific roadmaps tailored to their unique conditions, promoting standardized production, scaled‑up development, and brand‑driven marketing. We will also refine specialty industries by leveraging rural endowments, developing products and businesses that reflect distinctive regional identities, ethnic characteristics, and local traditions, and fostering and upgrading a portfolio of rural specialties in which farmers participate widely and reap substantial benefits. Furthermore, we will build supporting platforms and infrastructure, backing the development of clusters of competitive, signature industries, national modern agricultural industrial parks, and model towns for agricultural development. We will deepen efforts to establish demonstration zones for agricultural modernization, showcase key links and exemplary counties across the entire agricultural value chain, and recognize a number of national model villages and towns under the “One Village, One Product” initiative.
 

(23) Expand and strengthen the agricultural product processing and distribution sector. Enhance processing capabilities. Implement an initiative to upgrade the agricultural processing sector, promoting primary processing, sophisticated processing, and comprehensive utilization of agricultural products. Establish a number of international agricultural processing parks, China’s agricultural food innovation industrial parks, and research‑and‑development test bases for processing technologies, while vigorously developing business models such as central kitchens and direct supply and direct sales. Foster and strengthen leading enterprises, supporting them in establishing raw material bases and processing capacities at the county level, and develop a number of agricultural industrialization consortia. Improve the distribution network. Deeply implement projects to build storage, preservation, and cold‑chain logistics facilities for agricultural products, supporting family farms, farmer cooperatives, rural collective economic organizations, and other entities in constructing on‑site storage and preservation facilities, and setting up on‑site cold‑chain sorting and distribution centers at key logistics hubs. Advance the development of national‑level agricultural product origin markets, and reinforce the construction of large‑scale public‑interest infrastructure for refrigeration, preservation, warehousing, and logistics to ensure supply.
 

(24) Foster new industries and business models. Boost the rural leisure tourism industry. Implement a high-quality rural leisure tourism initiative, establish a number of national key counties for leisure agriculture, recognize a group of China’s Beautiful Leisure Villages, and promote a selection of premium rural leisure tourism destinations and routes. Formulate guidelines for the high-quality development of leisure agriculture and an industry service manual. Encourage the emergence of new models such as educational farms, study‑tour bases, rural camping tours, and experiential tours showcasing local culture. Develop e‑commerce for agricultural products. Deeply advance the “Internet Plus” project to facilitate the outbound flow of rural products into urban markets, fostering direct procurement and customized production models. Encourage local governments to collaborate with major e‑commerce platforms, and build a series of rural e‑commerce industrial parks, live‑streaming e‑commerce hubs for agricultural and sideline products, and talent training centers.
 

(25) Promote rural entrepreneurship and innovation. Strengthen policy support. Encourage local governments to establish special funds for rural entrepreneurship and innovation, implement entrepreneurship subsidies, and systematically guide diverse talent to start businesses in their hometowns. Enhance skills training by launching initiatives to cultivate leading figures in rural entrepreneurship and innovation, offering training to those who wish to return home and start businesses. Host national competitions for creative rural entrepreneurship and innovation projects, as well as talent‑skills contests, to identify and promote exemplary models of rural entrepreneurship and innovation. Develop entrepreneurship platforms by bolstering the construction of rural entrepreneurship and innovation parks and incubation‑training bases, thereby improving the quality of entrepreneurial services.
VI. Improve rural infrastructure and public services, and build beautiful villages that are both livable and conducive to thriving industries.
 

(26) Coordinate and advance rural development in a holistic manner. Improve the implementation mechanism. Refine the special action plan for rural development, coordinate the preparation of village planning, and advance the integrated construction of rural infrastructure—including rural roads, rural water supply, and digital villages—while strengthening public service systems in areas such as epidemic prevention, education, healthcare, social security, and elderly care and childcare. Implement list‑based management of rural development tasks, and guide county‑level authorities in establishing comprehensive project databases for rural development. Promote the implementation of projects to upgrade small-scale public‑benefit infrastructure in villages. Enhance construction standards. Issue guidelines on farmers’ participation in rural development and establish a mentorship system for rural construction. Compile, at the county level, lists of maintenance responsibilities for village public infrastructure and put in place a public disclosure mechanism. Strengthen demonstration and leadership by exploring integrated delivery of public services across counties, townships, and villages, and by showcasing exemplary cases of rural public services. Create a number of beautiful, livable villages.
 

(27) Improve and upgrade the rural living environment. Solidly implement the five-year action plan to improve and upgrade the rural living environment, comprehensively enhancing the appearance of villages. Steadily advance the rural toilet revolution, consolidating the results of surveys and rectifications of household toilet issues and promoting categorized remediation and closure of cases. Focusing on the central and western regions, steadily roll out rural toilet upgrades in areas where conditions are suitable and technological approaches are well‑established. Strengthen the development of toilet‑upgrade standards and carry out pilot projects on water‑saving and freeze‑proof technologies. Coordinate and promote the treatment of rural domestic wastewater and solid waste. Integrate rural domestic wastewater management with toilet upgrades, facilitating the localized, on‑site resource utilization of human waste and organic residues. Improve the rural domestic waste collection, transportation, and disposal system, encouraging villages with the necessary conditions to advance waste sorting and source reduction. Accelerate the treatment of rural domestic wastewater, exploring, according to local circumstances, technical models such as centralized treatment, sewer‑based interception, decentralized treatment, and ecological pollution control. Deeply implement village‑cleaning campaigns, guiding farmers to green and beautify their courtyards and villages.
 

(28) Strengthen the development of rural spiritual civilization. Continuously advance the transformation of rural customs and practices. Organize and carry out publicity and education campaigns to promote these changes, and conduct targeted efforts to address prominent issues in key areas such as exorbitant bride prices and lavish celebrations. Guide localities to incorporate into village covenants and rules provisions that encourage simple wedding and funeral ceremonies, reduce burdens of social obligations, oppose extravagance and waste, and promote filial piety and family harmony. Select and publicize a fourth batch of exemplary cases in building civilized rural customs, and disseminate best practices in fostering cultural civility in rural communities. Protect and inherit agricultural culture. Deeply implement projects for the inheritance and protection of agricultural heritage, and launch the seventh round of identification and recognition of China’s Important Agricultural Heritage Systems. Launch the “China in Agricultural Heritage” series of promotional activities. With the theme “Celebrating Bountiful Harvests, Promoting Harmony and Beauty,” successfully host the sixth Chinese Farmers’ Harvest Festival and organize festival‑related events of broad public appeal. Enrich rural cultural and sporting life. Conduct rural reading‑promotion initiatives and select and highlight “Rural Reading Role Models.” Host national farmer‑sports brand events such as the “Beautiful Countryside Health Run,” and explore ways to promote competitions like the “Village BA” basketball tournament.
 

(29) Strengthen and improve rural governance. Strengthen overall coordination. In collaboration with relevant departments, we will formulate and refine documents that enhance the functions of the three-tier governance system at the county, township, and village levels, and coordinate efforts to bolster grassroots Party building, self-governance, rule of law, and moral governance in rural areas. We will continue to reduce the administrative burden on village-level organizations and address pressing issues in rural governance. We will also coordinate epidemic prevention and control in rural areas, ensuring adequate supplies of medicines and medical resources, smooth referral and treatment for severe cases, and effective protection of key populations. Deepen pilot programs and demonstration projects. We will launch the second round of national pilot initiatives for building a rural governance system, expanding both the scope and content of these pilots. Additionally, we will initiate the third batch of “Hundred Towns and Thousand Villages” national demonstration projects for rural governance. Innovate governance approaches. We will further expand the application of point-based systems, checklist‑based management, and digital governance across all levels. We will summarize and distill best practices in grid‑based management, refined services, and information‑technology support, adapting them to local conditions to promote their widespread implementation at the grassroots level.
VII. Actively yet prudently deepen rural reform to invigorate agricultural and rural development.
 

(30) Deepen reform of the rural land system. Steadily advance rural contracted land reform. Expand the scope of pilot programs for extending rural land contracts by another 30 years after the second round expires, and develop guiding opinions on these extension pilots. Issue the Measures for the Administration of Rural Land Contracting Contracts, strengthen the rural contracted land information platform and database, and improve the mediation and arbitration system for resolving contract‑related disputes. Encourage localities with appropriate conditions, on the basis of farmers’ voluntary participation, to carry out concentrated, contiguous land consolidation in conjunction with farmland development and land remediation, and explore ways to gradually address the fragmentation of contracted land. Proceed prudently with reforms and management of rural residential land. Deepen pilot programs for reforming the rural residential land system, accelerate the summarization of a set of viable institutional outcomes, and explore ways to refine the content of rights—such as ownership, qualification, and use—and their respective forms of separation. Formulate Provisional Measures for the Administration of Rural Residential Land and reinforce foundational work in this area. Actively yet prudently unlock the potential of idle rural residential land resources, guiding and regulating efforts to revitalize and make effective use of such land. Expedite integrated property‑and‑land registration and certification, and establish a nationwide unified information platform for managing rural residential land.
 

(31) Develop new types of agricultural business entities and socialized services. Cultivate new types of agricultural business entities. Implement an initiative to upgrade these entities and guide farmer cooperatives to strengthen standardized management. Deepen linkages between cooperatives and enterprises, advance the “four-tier joint creation” model for demonstration cooperatives, and establish a long-term mechanism for ensuring compliant cooperative governance. Fully roll out the “one‑code‑access” management and service system for family farms, promote the use of the “Family Farm Handy Ledger” accounting software, and support eligible smallholders in scaling up into family farms; encourage family farms to form farmer cooperatives; and enable cooperatives to establish enterprises as needed for their development. Strengthen the team of mentors for new agricultural business entities, launch the “One Mentor for Ten Cooperatives” campaign, and encourage the establishment of service centers for these entities through social resources. Accelerate the development of socialized services. Implement an action plan to promote agricultural socialized services, prioritizing grain, cotton, oilseed, and sugar crops while also supporting such services in cash crops, livestock and aquaculture, and other sectors. Enhance the development of service standards and contract frameworks, and foster closer business coordination and collaboration among service providers and related entities in agro‑inputs, agricultural machinery, finance, and other fields. Conduct in-depth pilot programs for innovation in agricultural socialized services, guiding qualified market players to build regional, full‑chain, integrated service platforms. Carry out the nationwide “Agricultural Services to Every Household” series of activities. Encourage state‑owned agricultural reclamation enterprises to provide socialized services to local communities.
 

(32) Develop a new type of rural collective economy. Deepen reform in a comprehensive manner. Further advance the reform of the rural collective property rights system, improve the corporate governance structure of collective economic organizations, and establish sound operating mechanisms that align with market‑oriented principles. Conduct pilot programs on mortgaging and guaranteeing collective income distribution rights and on paid withdrawal, thereby granting farmers more robust property rights. Promote the standardized development of rural property‑rights transfer and trading markets, and strengthen oversight and management. Enhance the regulatory and service system for rural collective assets, bolstering both institutional capacity and human resources. Reinforce audit and supervisory mechanisms for rural collective economic organizations, and launch initiatives to improve the effectiveness of asset oversight. Explore diversified development pathways. Provide guidance to localities to tailor approaches to their specific conditions, experimenting with new models of rural collective economic development such as resource contracting, property leasing, intermediary services, and equity participation. Encourage regions with the necessary conditions to pursue various forms of cooperation, including village‑to‑village collaboration, integrated development among villages, enterprises, and community organizations, and the engagement of professional managers in village‑level operations.
 

33. Deepen reform in other rural sectors. Carry out pilot reforms. Deepen the implementation of pilot and demonstration projects for comprehensive rural reform, and achieve breakthroughs in key areas and critical links. Leverage the demonstration and leading role of rural reform pilot zones, and summarize and promote a set of replicable and借鉴-worthy models and practices in rural reform. Continue to deepen state‑owned agricultural reclamation reform. Conduct quality monitoring of the group‑based, enterprise‑oriented reform and development of agricultural reclamation enterprises, and strengthen targeted guidance. Formulate guiding opinions on innovating and improving the institutional mechanisms for agricultural management and operation at state‑owned farms under the agricultural reclamation system. Promote the issuance of measures to strengthen the administration of land use rights for state‑owned farmland in the agricultural reclamation sector. Advance efforts to resolve disputes over property rights to state‑owned land in the reclamation system and address outstanding issues arising from the reform of social functions previously performed by state‑owned farms. Thoroughly implement initiatives to upgrade distinctive local industries in underdeveloped farms and to build strong brands for the reclamation sector, thereby fostering and expanding the competitive advantages of farms’ signature industries.

 
VIII. Strengthen Support and Ensure the Thorough and Detailed Implementation of All Tasks for Comprehensively Advancing Rural Revitalization
 

(34) Strengthen planning and action-oriented guidance. Implement major strategic initiatives. Formulate a plan to accelerate the development of a strong agricultural country. Develop guidelines for building rural areas that are basically equipped with modern living conditions, study and establish an evaluation indicator system, and create livable villages that are fully functional while preserving their local character and charm. Issue guiding opinions on fostering a holistic view of food security, tapping into food resources, and ensuring an effective supply of diverse food products, and draw up implementation plans by sector. Promote the implementation of major national plans. Prepare an annual task list and work ledger for implementing the 14th Five-Year Plan for Agricultural and Rural Modernization, and organize mid-term evaluations. Coordinate and advance the execution of supporting special plans, key tasks outlined in development plans, and major project initiatives.

(35) Improve the mechanisms for advancing rural revitalization. Promote the implementation of responsibilities. Fully implement the Measures for the Implementation of the Rural Revitalization Responsibility System, and strengthen policy and work coordination. Enhance incentives and constraints. Conduct performance assessments at the provincial level on Party committees and governments’ efforts to advance the rural revitalization strategy, and organize comprehensive oversight and inspection of rural revitalization initiatives. Implement targeted oversight and incentive mechanisms for key rural revitalization tasks, such as boosting rural industries and improving the rural living environment. Advance demonstration projects. Establish a new batch of national-level demonstration counties for rural revitalization, and guide eligible localities to launch, in accordance with regulations, pilot programs for demonstration townships and villages. Conduct research to develop an objective set of indicators and a statistical system that accurately reflect progress in rural revitalization.
 

(36) Expand effective investment in agriculture and rural areas. Strengthen fiscal investment. Promote a steady increase in government spending on agriculture, and ensure the effective implementation of policies that raise the share of land‑transfer revenue allocated to agriculture and rural development. Expand the issuance of rural revitalization bonds, and include eligible rural revitalization projects within the scope of local government bond support. Leverage financial investment. Continue to advance the “Credit Express” service for agricultural business entities, accelerate the development of an agricultural production and operation information database, and support the growth of digital inclusive finance in rural areas. Encourage financial institutions to increase lending for rural revitalization, with a particular focus on infrastructure projects such as high‑standard farmland, facility‑based agriculture, and cold‑chain logistics facilities for storage, preservation, and fresh‑product distribution. Guide private capital investment. Develop guidelines for private‑sector investment in agriculture and rural areas, clearly defining priority industries and sectors. Improve the coordination mechanism among government investment, financial resources, and private capital, refine the project pool for financing agricultural and rural infrastructure, and attract greater capital inflows into these sectors.
 

(37) Strengthen talent support for rural revitalization. Strengthen the cultivation of high-level talent. Develop a contingent of leading agricultural science and technology professionals and outstanding young innovators in science and technology. Establish and effectively utilize high-quality institutions for training rural revitalization personnel, and intensify efforts to educate and nurture exceptional talents in agriculture and forestry. Foster a pool of highly qualified farmers. Deeply implement the High-Quality Farmer Training Program and the Academic Degree Enhancement Initiative, vigorously cultivating leaders of new types of business entities and large-scale producers and breeders. Launch the “Leading Goose” Project to train rural industry revitalization leaders, integrating returning entrepreneurs into the training system and nurturing approximately 20,000 individuals annually. Optimize and implement the Rural Practical Talent Leader Training Program, and carry out the “Cultivator” Revitalization Program to train leaders of new agricultural business entities. Promote the flow of talent to rural areas. Improve and institutionalize mechanisms for attracting talent to the countryside, ensure smooth channels for talent mobility to rural regions, and systematically guide college graduates to return to their hometowns, skilled individuals to come back, migrant workers to relocate, and entrepreneurs to invest in rural areas.
 

(38) Strengthen the rule of law in agriculture and rural areas. Improve laws and regulations. Accelerate the formulation of the Law on Food Security Assurance, the Law on Farmland Protection, and the Law on Rural Collective Economic Organizations; revise the Fisheries Law and the Regulations on the Protection of New Plant Varieties; and refine supporting systems in areas such as revitalizing the seed industry, ensuring biosafety, and preventing animal diseases. Enhance the quality and effectiveness of law enforcement. Deeply implement initiatives to strengthen comprehensive agricultural administrative law enforcement capabilities, launch demonstration projects and training competitions, and establish a national information system for comprehensive agricultural administrative law enforcement. Strengthen law enforcement in key areas including plant variety rights protection, agricultural input quality, agricultural product safety, and animal and plant quarantine. Promote the dissemination of laws at the village and household levels. Explore innovative mechanisms for legal education in rural areas, expedite the development of model households that learn and apply the law, and bolster the construction of rural rule-of-law education bases. Organize the creation and promotion of legal‑education materials that reflect local cultural characteristics and are widely appreciated by the public, and carry out campaigns to showcase short legal‑education videos. Advance governance based on the law. Continuously deepen the “delegation, regulation, and service” reform in the agriculture and rural sectors, and implement list‑based management of administrative licenses and departmental lists of powers and responsibilities. Conduct social stability risk assessments for major policies.

Source: Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs