Forty specific measures to implement the No. 1 Central Document have been rolled out! The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has issued its No. 1 Document for 2025.

To thoroughly implement the spirit of the “Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Further Deepening Rural Reform and Solidly Promoting All-Round Rural Revitalization,” the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs recently issued the “Implementation Opinions on Carrying Out the Work Arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council for Further Deepening Rural Reform and Solidly Promoting All-Round Rural Revitalization” (hereinafter referred to as the “Implementation Opinions”), outlining 40 specific measures across eight key areas.

The original text is as follows:

The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs is implementing the CPC Central Committee and the State Council’s measures to further…

Deepen rural reform and steadily advance the all-round revitalization of rural areas.

Implementation Opinions on Work Deployment

(January 20, 2025)

To the Departments (Bureaus, Commissions) of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, State Farms, and Fisheries of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government; to the Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps; and to all departments, bureaus, dispatched agencies, and directly affiliated units of the Ministry:

In order to thoroughly implement the spirit of the “Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Further Deepening Rural Reform and Solidly Promoting All-Round Rural Revitalization,” and to ensure the effective execution of the “Three Rural Issues” work in 2025, the following guidelines are hereby put forward.

The year 2025 marks the concluding year of the 14th Five-Year Plan and the final year of the five-year transition period during which efforts to consolidate and expand poverty‑alleviation achievements are seamlessly linked with rural revitalization. Therefore, ensuring the success of “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” work is of paramount importance for overall development. All levels of agricultural and rural departments must be guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, fully implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second and Third Plenary Sessions of the 20th CPC Central Committee, and deeply apply General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important expositions and directives on “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” work. They should also carry out the arrangements and requirements set forth at the Central Economic Work Conference and the Central Rural Work Conference, adhere to the overarching principle of seeking progress while maintaining stability, prioritize the development of agriculture and rural areas, promote integrated urban–rural development, and firmly anchor themselves in the goals of advancing all-round rural revitalization and building a strong agricultural nation. Driven by reform and opening-up and scientific and technological innovation, they must consolidate and improve the basic rural operating system, thoroughly study and apply the experience of the “Ten‑Million Project,” ensure national food security, prevent large‑scale relapse into poverty, and enhance the level of rural industrial development, rural construction, and rural governance. In this way, they will achieve the objectives and tasks of the 14th Five-Year Plan for agricultural and rural development with high quality, make every effort to boost agricultural efficiency, invigorate rural areas, and increase farmers’ incomes, continuously deliver new results in the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas, and provide solid support for advancing Chinese modernization.

I. Strengthen the foundation of national food security in all respects, and ensure stable production and supply of grain and other key agricultural products.

(1) Strive to secure a bumper grain harvest for the year. Implement the new round of the initiative to boost grain production capacity by 100 billion jin, and endeavor to maintain stable annual grain output. Focus on stabilizing sown acreage. Strictly enforce the principle of joint responsibility between Party and government for food security, assigning grain, soybean, and oilseed production targets to each province to ensure steady grain‑sowing areas. Improve mechanisms to safeguard farmers’ incomes from grain production; effectively implement the minimum purchase price policy for rice and wheat, and refine subsidy policies for corn and soybean producers as well as for rice cultivation. Promote inter‑provincial horizontal compensation for interests under central coordination among grain‑producing and grain‑consuming regions. Prioritize increasing both grain yields and quality. Deeply advance large‑scale yield‑enhancement initiatives for grain and oilseed crops, continue the Grain Yield‑Improvement Project, and foster the coordinated integration of high‑quality farmland, superior varieties, advanced machinery, and sound agronomic practices. Coordinate the implementation of green, high‑yield, and efficient farming programs, as well as projects aimed at boosting yields among large‑scale grain and oilseed producers; integrate, assemble, and disseminate regionally tailored high‑yield, high‑efficiency cultivation technologies, and support new types of agricultural operators in taking the lead in raising yields. Optimize crop‑variety structures by expanding the production of strong‑gluten and weak‑gluten wheat, as well as high‑quality rice. Adopt a multi‑pronged approach to enhance soybean and oilseed production capacity. Vigorously advance the National Soybean and Oilseed Production Capacity‑Boosting Project, stabilize the area dedicated to edible soybeans, develop high‑oil, high‑yield soybean varieties, encourage the conversion of fallow winter fields in southern regions to rapeseed cultivation, promote peanut rotation and intercropping suited to local conditions, and expand the cultivation of specialty oilseeds such as sunflower and sesame. Continuously carry out public‑education campaigns promoting “reduce oil, increase soybeans.”

(II) Promote the sustained and sound development of the livestock sector. Optimize the dynamic adjustment mechanism for hog production capacity, strengthen monitoring and early warning systems, and maintain long-term support policies to guide large-scale pig enterprises toward orderly and standardized growth, thereby preventing sharp fluctuations in production capacity. Implement relief measures for the beef and dairy cattle industries to stabilize their underlying production capacity. Expand and increase the number of high-quality breeding cows, and carry out subsidies for superior breeds in pastoral areas as well as reward‑based programs for grassland ecological protection. Foster integrated development of dairy farming and processing, with family farms and farmer cooperatives playing the leading role, and enforce the national standard prohibiting the addition of reconstituted milk to sterilized milk, thus boosting domestic fresh milk consumption. Launch a grain‑saving initiative in the livestock sector, continue to reduce and substitute feed grain usage, comprehensively promote low‑protein diet technology, actively develop high‑quality forage crops such as alfalfa and silage corn, and explore new types of protein feed. Conduct a three-year campaign on livestock and poultry slaughter—“strict standardization, enhanced quality, and ensured safety.”

(3) Actively develop modern fisheries. Fully implement planning for aquaculture waters and tidal flats, accelerate the issuance of permits and registration for aquaculture in these areas, and maintain stable aquaculture acreage. Vigorously promote ecological fisheries on large water bodies, scientifically develop rice–fish integrated farming and aquaculture in saline‑alkali lands, and, in regions such as Northwest China, tailor cold‑water fish farming to local conditions. Speed up the standardized upgrading of traditional aquaculture ponds and vigorously advance factory‑based aquaculture. Optimize policies supporting fisheries development, accelerate the expansion of deep‑ and far‑sea aquaculture, popularize gravity‑type net cages, steadily advance the construction of large truss‑type net cages and aquaculture workboats, and build offshore pastures. Push forward reforms in fishing vessel management, strengthen total‑stock management of marine fishery resources, keep nearshore fishing under control, and prudently promote the green, sustainable development of new fishing grounds and new resources in distant‑water fisheries. Enhance the renewal and retrofitting of fishing vessels and the construction of safety‑related infrastructure at fishing ports, advance standardized port management, and establish a number of coastal fishing‑port economic zones. Launch special campaigns to improve workplace safety in the fisheries sector, conduct comprehensive and in-depth inspections to identify risks and hazards, and raise the intrinsic safety level of marine fisheries.

(4) Stabilize the supply of vegetables, cotton, and rubber. Strengthen and fully implement the “vegetable basket” mayoral responsibility system, enhance the development of emergency vegetable‑supply bases, ensure robust production in major southern‑to‑northern vegetable‑transport regions and in cool‑climate areas, and promote the upgrading of facility‑grown vegetables and the renovation of aging orchards. Effectively implement the cotton target‑price policy to consolidate Xinjiang’s competitive edge in cotton production. Launch a three-year initiative to boost sugarcane yields, accelerating the adoption of high‑quality varieties and advanced cultivation practices. Maintain the area under natural rubber cultivation, intensify the development of specialized rubber plantations, and advance the renewal of old rubber plantations as well as the restoration and reconstruction of those damaged by disasters.

(5) Promote high-standard farmland construction with high quality. Optimize the spatial layout and phased implementation schedule of high-standard farmland projects, prioritize key areas, and ensure coordinated progress. Fully advance the annual construction targets for high-standard farmland, carrying out site-specific repairs and upgrades to drainage channels in flood-prone areas during the rainy season, and improving supporting facilities for flood control and drainage. Deeply and continuously conduct “look-back” reviews and targeted rectification efforts to ensure the quality of high-standard farmland projects. Further refine the institutional and standard framework for high-standard farmland construction, establish a quality supervision and inspection system for farmland construction projects, and implement routine random quality inspections of project infrastructure. Formulate and issue regulations on the management and maintenance of high-standard farmland infrastructure, encouraging farmers, new agricultural business entities, and other stakeholders to participate in their upkeep.

(6) Strengthen farmland protection and quality improvement. Firmly uphold the red line for arable land, refine the mechanism for verifying the quality of replenished farmland, and formulate procedures for such verification. Deeply implement the National Black Soil Protection Project and promote conservation tillage practices on the black soils of Northeast China. Plan a project to address acidified farmland in southern regions and reinforce capacity-building in key counties targeted for remediation. Carry out, in an orderly manner, the transformation and upgrading of saline‑alkali farmland. Enhance management of farmland used for growing staple crops, tailor the list of staple crops to local conditions, and conduct dynamic monitoring of farmland use. Systematically and categorically rectify the “non‑grain” conversion of farmland, establishing appropriate transition periods based on actual industrial development and crop growth cycles. Continue to address the issue of “greenhouse houses,” establish and improve a regular, long‑term regulatory mechanism, and intensify public reporting, exposure, and routine inspections as well as unannounced visits. Promote, according to local circumstances, the restoration of abandoned land to cultivation and cropping, guiding large‑scale operators to take over and restore such land, and encouraging agricultural social service providers to undertake restorative planting on behalf of farmers. Accelerate the third national soil survey and ensure the smooth progress of data verification, results compilation, and related tasks.

(7) Enhance disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief capabilities. Develop agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation plans and technical guidelines. Timely issue warnings for hazardous weather conditions and provide guidance on implementing measures such as “one spray for three protections” and “one spray for multiple boosts” to stabilize and increase yields. Improve the long-term mechanisms for disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief, and strengthen agriculture’s resilience to climate change. Explore the implementation of integrated “sky–ground–field” monitoring of crop conditions and disaster situations. Accelerate the construction of regional agricultural machinery social service centers and regional agricultural emergency response and relief centers. Launch the “Save Grain from Pests” campaign to ensure a bumper harvest, coordinate the development of infrastructure for monitoring and controlling crop diseases and pests, and build a skilled workforce. Vigorously promote the integration of unified pest control with green pest management, with particular emphasis on controlling wheat stripe rust, rice pests that migrate over long distances, and the fall armyworm in corn. Deeply advance efforts to consolidate the foundations and enhance the quality and efficiency of animal quarantine and supervision, while strengthening prevention and control of major animal diseases such as African swine fever and key zoonotic diseases like brucellosis.

(8) Accelerate the development of a diversified food supply system. Establish a tracking and coordination mechanism for key tasks related to implementing the “Grand Food View,” and advance the development of diverse food sources across different sectors. Explore and implement modern facility‑agriculture upgrading projects in the peri‑urban areas of large and medium-sized cities, expedite the integrated application of new technologies, equipment, and materials, and develop solar greenhouses, plant factories, and facility‑based livestock, poultry, and aquaculture production tailored to local conditions. Promote quality improvement and efficiency gains in the edible mushroom industry, popularize high‑rise and factory‑style production models, and guide the development of sophisticated processing and value‑added products. Foster the growth of bio‑agriculture, develop novel food resources such as plant‑based meat, and advance the development of algal‑based foods. Work to establish a statistical monitoring system for both grain and broader food supplies. Continuously strengthen loss reduction in grain harvesting, processing, and other stages, and intensify public awareness campaigns on nutritious and healthy food consumption.

(9) Deepen international agricultural cooperation. Strengthen global monitoring and early warning of agricultural production and trade, improve the system for investigating damage to agricultural industries, and appropriately manage the scale and pace of imports. Cultivate high-quality entities that drive the high‑quality development of agricultural international trade, and expand exports of competitive and specialty agricultural products. Deepen agricultural cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative, advance the development of platforms for international agricultural cooperation, and vigorously promote agricultural services trade. Successfully host major agricultural diplomatic events, engage more deeply in global food and agriculture governance, and strengthen cooperation with international organizations involved in agriculture.

II. Consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, and ensure that large-scale relapse into or onset of poverty does not occur.

(10) Optimize and refine support policies. Carry out the assessment work related to effectively linking the consolidation and expansion of poverty-alleviation achievements with rural revitalization, study policy and institutional arrangements for the post‑transition period, and tell the story of China’s poverty reduction. Improve the big‑data information system for monitoring and providing assistance to prevent relapse into or falling into poverty among rural residents, and accelerate the development of a nationwide integrated foundational database. Conduct research on a tiered and categorized assistance system for underdeveloped regions, and put forward recommendations on criteria and methodologies for tiered classification as well as policy measures for differentiated support.

(11) Enhance the quality and effectiveness of monitoring and assistance. Develop and refine standards for preventing relapse into or falling into poverty, optimize monitoring and identification procedures, and adopt a hybrid online–offline approach. Rely more on a combination of self‑reporting by households, departmental screening and early warning, and routine field visits by grassroots cadres to monitor and identify those in need of assistance. For populations at risk of relapse or falling into poverty, provide support as soon as they are identified, ensuring early detection, timely intervention, and prompt assistance. At the county level, establish and improve a comprehensive “toolbox” of assistance policies, deliver targeted support tailored to individuals and households, and work to sustainably eliminate risks. Consolidate and strengthen the three basic guarantees and the safety of drinking water. Standardize the dynamic management of assistance recipients, ensuring both entry and exit, and, for households facing disaster‑induced risk of relapse or poverty, implement supportive measures in advance where eligible under existing policies.

(12) Promote the high-quality development of industries supported through assistance programs. Implement the requirements of “consolidation, upgrading, revitalization, and adjustment,” and, on a county-by-county basis, formulate tailored pathways for advancing these industries. Study and refine mechanisms for channeling linkage funds toward industrial development, focusing on distinctive, leading industries to drive full‑chain growth. Provide guidance to eligible localities in effectively implementing projects that foster integrated industrial development. Strengthen mechanisms that link industries with farmers and help them share in the benefits. Enhance monitoring and early warning systems for assisted industries to promptly identify and mitigate risks. Deepen efforts to promote consumption‑based assistance. Solidly advance the consolidation and upgrading of underdeveloped state‑owned farms, guiding them to cultivate and expand their key, competitive industries.

(13) Strengthen standardized management of assets associated with assistance projects. Establish and improve a comprehensive oversight system covering the entire lifecycle—asset formation, rights confirmation and handover, maintenance and operation, and income distribution—to ensure that commercially operated assets maintain and enhance their value while public‑benefit assets continue to deliver social benefits. Integrate and optimize information systems for asset management, create a unified asset registration and ledger, and promote integrated management of funds, projects, and assets. Enhance monitoring of asset utilization, intensify efforts to revitalize underperforming and idle assets, and explore ways to refine procedures for the categorized disposal of such assets. Further develop a long‑term management mechanism for assets generated through national investments in poverty alleviation, and conduct research to formulate regulations governing the management of assets from assistance projects.

(14) Ensure stable employment for the labor force lifted out of poverty. Deepen efforts to prevent relapse into poverty through employment, and implement the “Yulu Program Plus” employment‑promotion initiative. Make full use of mechanisms such as east–west labor cooperation, employment‑assistance workshops, and public‑service jobs; expand work‑for‑relief programs; and develop “gig‑market” platforms, ensuring that the number of employed people from formerly impoverished households remains above 30 million. Regularly carry out the “Dual Support for Aspiration and Capability” campaign, intensify efforts to cultivate rural artisans and build distinctive labor‑service brands in poverty‑alleviation areas, and strengthen the endogenous development momentum and capacity of those who have been lifted out of poverty.

(15) Strengthen support for key regions. Implement policies that tilt resources toward nationally designated counties receiving priority assistance for rural revitalization, and make effective use of the pilot program for the unified allocation and integration of agricultural funds in these counties. Conduct monitoring and evaluation of development outcomes in these key counties. Enhance follow-up support for relocation projects aimed at poverty alleviation. Continue to bolster east–west collaboration, deepen targeted assistance from central government agencies, and advance rural revitalization in old revolutionary base areas. At the same time, ensure robust paired‑assistance efforts, including support for Xinjiang and Tibet in agriculture and rural development. Optimize the selection and management of resident first secretaries and work teams, and steadily push forward the “Ten Thousand Enterprises Revitalize Ten Thousand Villages” initiative and a special campaign in which social organizations contribute to rural revitalization, guiding participation in developing rural homestays, cultural and creative industries, and other sectors. Fulfill the agriculture‑related tasks outlined in the National Strategy for Coordinated Regional Development, and improve the mechanisms for promoting coordinated agricultural and rural development across key regions.

III. Continuously enhance the level of agricultural material and technological equipment, and strengthen the overall effectiveness of the agricultural science and technology innovation system.

(16) Improve the agricultural science and technology innovation system. Strengthen the development of national strategic capabilities in agricultural science and technology, optimize the functional positioning of agricultural research institutions at all levels, promote the establishment of provincial-level coordination mechanisms for agricultural science and technology management, and advance collaborative efforts to tackle key scientific and technological challenges. Optimize the layout of the modern agricultural industrial technology system and reinforce provincial-level industrial technology frameworks. Intensify efforts to master critical core technologies in agriculture, bolster applied basic research, foster common‑technology innovation, and develop major new varieties and products, striving to achieve breakthroughs as soon as possible in areas such as new variety breeding, arable land quality improvement, and the development of intelligent agricultural machinery. Accelerate the construction of platforms including high‑tech agricultural industry clusters, modern agricultural science and technology innovation centers, agricultural science and technology parks, and major agricultural science and technology infrastructure projects.

(17) Foster and strengthen leading agricultural science and technology enterprises. Reinforce the role of enterprises as the primary drivers of technological innovation, cultivating a cohort of industry‑leading, fast‑growing agricultural tech firms as well as promising start-ups. Improve the institutionalized mechanism for ongoing matchmaking and support, providing tailored, “one‑enterprise‑one‑policy” services to ensure robust resource allocation. Guide the concentration of capital, projects, financial instruments, and human resources toward enterprises with competitive advantages. Support enterprises in participating in decision‑making on agricultural innovation and in the selection of priority technologies, increase their involvement in agriculture‑related research projects, and encourage greater openness and sharing of laboratory platforms, large scientific instruments, and scientific data and research outcomes, thereby enabling state‑owned agricultural reclamation enterprises to play a pivotal role in technological innovation.

(18) Strengthen the development of a diversified agricultural technology extension service system. Enhance the capacity and infrastructure of grassroots agricultural extension institutions, reinforce public‑service functions, and ensure effective organizational and managerial roles. Support national agricultural extension agencies in collaborating with research institutes, universities, new types of agricultural business entities, agricultural social service providers, and relevant enterprises to deliver agricultural technology extension services. Adopt mechanisms such as government procurement of services and post‑subsidies to bolster the construction of modern agricultural science and technology demonstration and pilot bases, and encourage social and market‑oriented actors to participate in the integrated innovation and widespread application of advanced agricultural technologies. Encourage research institutes and universities to provide agricultural technology extension services through mechanisms such as science and technology special envoys and “science and technology courtyards.”

(19) Accelerate innovation and breakthroughs in the seed industry. Strengthen the conservation and utilization of germplasm resources, advance the development of a high-throughput phenotyping platform for germplasm resources, and implement a corn germplasm improvement program. Foster and expand leading enterprises in the seed sector, promote the integrated development, application, and dissemination of major new varieties, carry out joint breeding initiatives and genetic improvement programs, and breed superior varieties such as high‑protein corn and high‑oil, high‑yield soybeans. Speed up the industrial-scale promotion of domestically developed white‑feathered broiler chickens. Continue to advance the industrialization of biotechnological breeding. Push forward the construction of national breeding and seed‑production bases, including the “South Breeding Silicon Valley” and the Heilongjiang soybean seed base. Enhance publicity and implementation of the Regulations on the Protection of New Plant Varieties, expedite the rollout of the system for substantially derived varieties, and introduce a variety‑identification‑card system. Regularly conduct crackdowns on counterfeit seeds, streamline the green‑channel approval process for new varieties, and rectify consortium‑based testing; rigorously enforce the law against counterfeiting, infringement, and other illegal activities.

(20) Strengthen efforts to address shortcomings in agricultural machinery and equipment. Intensify research and development on high-end, intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment, as well as machinery suitable for hilly and mountainous areas; establish pilot‑scale testing and validation platforms; and build a number of demonstration sites for the maturation and application of agricultural machinery. Optimize policies such as subsidies for the purchase and use of agricultural machinery and for the scrapping and upgrading of outdated equipment, promoting a “better machinery, better subsidy” approach and ensuring both inflows and outflows of equipment. Solidly advance the large‑scale application of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System in the field of agricultural mechanization, and expand its applications in the low‑altitude economy and agriculture. Steadily implement the three-year campaign to fundamentally strengthen agricultural machinery safety, making every effort to prevent and curb all types of safety incidents.

(21) Vigorously develop smart agriculture. Deeply implement the Smart Agriculture Action Plan, guiding new types of agricultural business entities, state-owned farms, and other stakeholders to undertake digital and intelligent upgrades. Promote the establishment of a unified big data platform for agriculture and rural areas, and plan and launch major projects such as an integrated “sky–ground–field” agricultural observation network. Implement a smart empowerment program for agricultural (pastoral and fishery) enterprises, formulate and release a catalog of priority technologies for smart agriculture, and expand the application scenarios of artificial intelligence, big data, and other cutting-edge technologies. Advance the development of foundational standards for smart agriculture and a system for the inspection and testing of related technical equipment.

IV. Promote a comprehensive green transformation of agricultural development and foster high-quality agricultural growth.

(22) Enhance the conservation and sustainable use of agricultural resources. Implement the Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Comprehensive Green Transformation of Agricultural Development to Promote Rural Ecological Revitalization. Improve the national registry system for key agricultural resources and conduct monitoring and evaluation of green agricultural development. Strengthen research on a new round of agricultural resource zoning, and encourage pilot initiatives. Intensify the conservation of arable land resources, promote the safe utilization of contaminated farmland, and enhance efforts to trace and remediate soil heavy-metal contamination in agricultural land. Develop high-efficiency water-saving and rainfed agriculture, launch systematic campaigns to popularize integrated water–fertilizer technologies, and disseminate composite water-saving technology models in rainfed and dryland farming areas. Strengthen the conservation of aquatic biological resources, refine the fishing moratorium and closed‑season regimes, and carry out concentrated crackdowns on illegal occupation or destruction of aquatic germplasm resource protection zones. Explore innovative approaches to the management and allocation of ecological compensation funds related to fisheries. Firmly advance the ten-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River, reinforce law enforcement and regulatory oversight as well as monitoring of its effectiveness, and implement the “Warm‑Heart Action” to assist retired fishermen with employment, along with follow-up surveys covering “ten provinces, one hundred counties, and one thousand households.” Strengthen the protection of precious and endangered aquatic wildlife such as the Chinese sturgeon and the Yangtze finless porpoise, and restore the ecological integrity of their critical habitats. Enhance prevention and control measures against invasive alien species.

(23) Promote the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution. Accelerate the standardization of green agricultural technologies, reduce the use of agricultural inputs, promote the resource utilization of agricultural waste, advance clean agricultural production, and develop eco‑friendly, low‑carbon agriculture. Enhance fertilizer efficiency through scientific application, establish demonstration counties that integrate and scale up “three new” innovations—new fertilization technologies, new products, and new equipment—and support pilot projects for green crop–livestock circular agriculture. Promote the efficient and scientific use of pesticides by integrating and disseminating green pest and disease management practices. Revise and formulate regulations on the registration and administration of fertilizers and pesticides, and continue to advance administrative reform in the registration process for these products. Strengthen efforts to harness livestock and poultry manure, comprehensively utilize crop residues, and ensure the proper use and recycling of plastic mulch films; implement a series of comprehensive projects to address agricultural non-point source pollution in the Yangtze River Basin and the Yellow River Basin.

(24) Enhance the quality and safety of agricultural products. Deepen efforts to address drug residues in key commodity categories and accelerate the adoption of new rapid‑testing technologies such as colloidal gold assays. Improve the coordinated, efficient risk‑monitoring and assessment system; fully implement the certificate‑of‑conformity system for food‑grade agricultural products; and establish a classified regulatory framework for origin‑based product release. Expedite the development and revision of maximum residue limits and testing method standards for agricultural and veterinary drugs, and vigorously advance initiatives to reduce the use of antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine. Develop mandatory production‑process control standards and green, high‑quality agricultural product criteria, and promote variety improvement, quality enhancement, brand building, and standardized production. Conduct pilot programs for grading agricultural product quality, and expand the scale of production of high‑quality agricultural products bearing green, organic, specialty, premium, and geographical indication labels. Thoroughly implement the Agricultural Brand Excellence Cultivation Program, refine and upgrade the agricultural brand catalog system, and advance brand cultivation and protection with high quality.

V. Continuously strengthen rural specialty industries and work to broaden channels for farmers to increase their incomes and become better off.

(25) Vigorously develop distinctive rural industries. Implement an initiative to enhance the quality of these industries, promoting their standardization, agglomeration, and branding. Actively expand the cultivation and breeding of green, specialty agricultural products; foster innovative development of rural handicrafts; and cultivate a number of villages with robust, industry‑driven economies. Optimize the implementation of projects for integrated agricultural industrial development, coordinating efforts to advance clusters of leading and distinctive industries, modern agricultural industrial parks, and the construction of towns strong in agriculture.

(26) Strengthen the agricultural product processing and distribution sector. Implement a three-year action plan to boost the development of the agricultural processing industry, supporting the establishment of agricultural processing parks in major agricultural counties (including state-owned farms), and vigorously advancing value‑adding initiatives such as “grain at the head, food at the tail,” “livestock at the head, meat at the tail,” and “agriculture at the head, industry at the tail.” Improve the R&D system for agricultural processing technologies, upgrade and modernize on‑site processing facilities, and promote coordinated development among primary processing, sophisticated deep processing, and the comprehensive utilization of by‑products. Jointly build a number of national-level agricultural product origin markets, and advance the construction of key counties (and cities) for backbone cold‑chain logistics and origin‑based cold‑chain collection and distribution centers. Promote the development of an agricultural product marketing and service system, establish a roster of emergency backbone purchasers, refine early‑warning and response mechanisms for situations where agricultural products face slow sales or market bottlenecks, and implement routine activities to match supply with demand, promote brands, and stimulate consumption, thereby expanding market channels for agricultural products. Host the 22nd China International Agricultural Products Fair.

(27) Develop new rural industries and business models. Formulate and revise industry standards for the leisure agriculture sector, and cultivate emerging formats such as eco‑tourism, folk culture experiences, and leisure‑oriented sightseeing. Launch pilot projects in key counties to promote leisure agriculture, and showcase a selection of picturesque leisure villages and high‑quality rural tourism destinations and itineraries. Deeply implement the “Internet Plus” initiative to facilitate the outbound flow of agricultural products into urban markets, strengthen training for e‑commerce professionals in the agricultural sector, and vigorously advance new business models such as livestreaming e‑commerce.

(28) Foster and strengthen agricultural enterprises. Launch an initiative to cultivate leading agricultural enterprises, developing a group of highly competitive industry‑specific leaders. Build complete agricultural value chains, nurture a cohort of “chain‑leading” firms, and drive efforts to reinforce, extend, and fortify these chains. Accelerate the development of large-scale modern agricultural bases, enterprises, and industries within state‑owned agricultural reclamation areas. Improve mechanisms for linking enterprises with farmers, guiding businesses to establish long‑term, stable partnerships with rural households. Refine support policies for new types of agricultural business entities and agribusinesses, aligning them with measures to boost farmers’ incomes, and promote approaches such as contract‑based raw‑material procurement, end‑to‑end service provision, and the empowerment of farmers through financial and technological resources.

VI. Continuously enhance rural development and governance, and steadily build beautiful, livable, and workable villages.

(29) Effectively improve the quality of rural living environments. Develop guidelines for rural toilet renovation, strengthen guidance on household toilet upgrades in arid and cold regions of central and western China, and accelerate the research, development, and dissemination of appropriate technologies. Enhance the socialized management and maintenance system for rural sanitation facilities, and where conditions permit, promote the simultaneous construction and integrated management of toilets and domestic wastewater treatment systems. Advance source‑level reduction, on-site or nearby treatment, and resource utilization of rural solid waste, while coordinating the resource‑based treatment and utilization of organic waste, human excreta, and other related materials. Deepen village‑cleaning initiatives and, based on local conditions, carry out small‑scale village improvements.

(30) Substantially strengthen rural infrastructure and public services. Develop and implement standards to ensure that rural areas are generally equipped with modern living conditions, while reinforcing targeted guidance based on local circumstances. Establish a system for the dynamic updating of rural development information and regular reporting, enhance monitoring and analysis, and refine mechanisms for identifying and addressing issues. Provide guidance to villages with both demand and capacity to prepare village plans, thereby improving their effectiveness, practicality, and enforceability. Launch a special initiative to provide financial support for rural development, make full use of county-level project databases and task lists, formulate plans for public infrastructure projects in villages, and coordinate efforts to build, consolidate, and upgrade rural road networks, water supply systems, power grids, telecommunications, and postal‑logistics networks. Coordinate the spatial allocation of rural public services, strengthen the provision of services for key groups such as the elderly and children, and promote integrated delivery of public services at the county, township, and village levels. Intensify the promotion of exemplary rural public service models and conduct monitoring and evaluation in priority areas.

31. Deepen rural governance. Promote the improvement of a rural governance system that integrates Party organization leadership with self-governance, rule of law, and moral governance, and guide localities in exploring innovative models and pathways for rural governance. Strengthen comprehensive efforts to address prominent issues in key areas such as exorbitant bride prices, lavish celebrations, and practices that prioritize burial over care, while refining binding regulations and promoting voluntary standards. Continue to expand the use of practical and effective governance approaches, including point-based systems, checklist mechanisms, digital tools, and the “respond and resolve immediately” model. Uphold and develop the “Fengqiao Experience” for the new era, and advance the identification and resolution of rural conflicts and disputes. Coordinate efforts to combat organized crime and evil forces and to build safe and peaceful villages.

(32) Safeguard and pass on outstanding agricultural culture. Conduct surveys of agricultural cultural resources, carry out the identification and documentation of China’s Important Agricultural Heritage Systems, and implement the “Premium Products from Agricultural Heritage” selection and cultivation program. Continue to launch the “Colors of the Land: National Rural Cultural Revitalization in Action” initiative, encouraging grassroots communities to independently organize popular cultural and sports events—such as village runs, village dances, and the “Village Basketball Association”—under the “Village‑branded” umbrella. Uphold the principle of putting farmers at the center by successfully hosting the eighth Chinese Farmers’ Harvest Festival. Initiate the “Arts Empower Rural Areas” campaign, establish mechanisms to ensure high‑quality cultural resources reach the grassroots level, and guide cultural professionals, scholars, and experts to develop rural cultural and creative industries. Promote the creative transformation and innovative development of outstanding agricultural culture, and cultivate a number of art villages, sketching villages, and internet‑famous villages.

VII. Further deepen rural reform and invigorate agricultural and rural development.

(33) Deepen reform of the rural land system. Adhering to the principle of “major stability with minor adjustments,” we will steadily advance pilot programs to extend rural land contracts for another thirty years after their initial terms expire, expand the scope of province‑wide pilots, and guide each province in formulating specific measures for contract extension. We will properly resolve disputes and conflicts arising during this process, ensuring that, in the vast majority of cases, contracted farmland is generally extended and remains stable. We will deepen the separation of land ownership, contract rights, and operating rights, and promote moderately scaled agricultural operations. Upholding the principles of legality, voluntariness, and compensation, we will strengthen management and services related to land transfer, and enhance oversight of social investors’ acquisition and use of rural land; no efforts to accelerate land transfers shall be undertaken through quotas or assigned targets. We will refine the mechanism for determining prices in the transfer of land‑use rights, and explore measures such as publishing a land‑transfer price index and adopting rent‑in-kind pricing. We will improve the standardized management of residential land, and issue interim measures for the administration of rural residential land. We will comprehensively implement joint review and coordinated processing for residential land and rural housing construction. Based on local conditions, we will explore diversified mechanisms to ensure that rural households have adequate housing, investigate effective ways to revitalize and utilize idle farmhouses through leasing, equity participation, cooperation, and other means, and develop specific procedures for urban residents who have registered as permanent residents in cities to voluntarily and compensatedly relinquish their residential‑land use rights. It is strictly prohibited for urban residents to purchase residential land or farmhouses in rural areas; retired officials are forbidden from acquiring land and building houses in rural areas; and it is impermissible to compel farmers to give up their residential‑land use rights against their will or to force them to move into urban housing.

(34) Deepen reform of the rural collective property rights system. Continue to carry out special campaigns to address issues in the supervision of rural collectives’ “three types of assets,” make full use of the national platform for the supervision and management of rural collective assets, standardize asset inventories, accounting, monitoring, and early warning procedures, and ensure the implementation of financial transparency measures, subject to villagers’ oversight. Formulate and revise supporting regulations and rules for the Law on Rural Collective Economic Organizations, promote the standardized development of such organizations in accordance with the law, develop new forms of rural collective economies tailored to local conditions, refrain from setting rigid targets for collective income, and strictly manage operational risks and village-level debt. Continuously advance the standardized development of rural property‑rights transfer and trading.

(35) Improve the agricultural operating system. Launch an initiative to enhance the quality and efficiency of new types of agricultural business entities, thereby boosting incomes for smallholder farmers; innovate mechanisms for farmer cooperatives to support smallholders; and leverage the demonstration and leading role of family farms. Guide farmers—especially those who have long remained in rural areas—to develop family farms that are appropriately scaled, intensively managed, and environmentally friendly and highly efficient. Support the establishment of farmer cooperatives with family farms as members, and encourage cooperatives to voluntarily form federations in accordance with the law. Implement measures to expand the scope and improve the quality of socialized agricultural services; issue guiding opinions on strengthening the development of integrated agricultural service centers; and support eligible service providers in building such centers to offer comprehensive services to smallholders and other agricultural operators. Carry out the “Agricultural Reclamation Socialized Services + Local” initiative.

(36) Deepen reform in other rural sectors. Strengthen the monitoring and coordination of rural reform tasks, and conduct regular assessments of progress and outcomes. Make effective use of the national rural reform pilot‑zone platform to distill and disseminate a set of replicable, benchmark‑worthy experiences in rural reform. Continue to deepen the corporatization of state‑owned agricultural reclamation farms, reinforce their functions in agricultural management, operations, and service provision, address outstanding issues arising from the reform of social‑service functions, and standardize the management and utilization of state‑owned land under the reclamation system.

VIII. Strengthen institutional and systemic safeguards for key factors, and ensure the effective implementation of all tasks.

(37) Improve the long-term mechanism for promoting all-round rural revitalization. Refine the mechanisms for advancing rural revitalization efforts and strengthen statistical monitoring in this area. Coordinate the assessment of implementation outcomes under the rural revitalization strategy with the evaluation of consolidating and expanding achievements in poverty alleviation, reinforce the application of assessment results, and ensure effective rectification of identified issues. Enhance the system of oversight and inspection for rural revitalization, intensifying scrutiny of the implementation of major policies and the eradication of formalism in this field. Systematically collect, disseminate, and promote best practices drawn from the “Ten‑Million Project,” while identifying and sharing exemplary cases of comprehensive rural revitalization, and explore effective pathways tailored to different regions. Conduct evaluations of the implementation of agricultural and rural development plans under the 14th Five-Year Plan, and develop high‑quality plans for agricultural and rural modernization during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, along with supporting frameworks.

(38) Broaden diversified investment channels. Enhance the effectiveness of fiscal support for agriculture. Ensure steady growth in fiscal spending on agriculture, actively seek to make full use of funds from ultra‑long‑term special government bonds, and support the construction of major projects in the agricultural and rural sectors as well as the upgrading of aging facilities and equipment. Urge the implementation of policies that allocate a portion of land‑transfer revenues to agricultural purposes, and expand the scale of local government special bonds earmarked for agriculture. Strengthen end-to-end management of the use of fiscal funds dedicated to agriculture. Guide financial and social investment. Optimize the “Credit Express” program for agricultural business entities, improve the database of financing projects for agricultural and rural infrastructure, and enhance services to facilitate financing matchmaking. Continue piloting interest‑subsidy policies for loans supporting the development of modern facility agriculture, launch pilot programs offering interest subsidies on specialized loans for grain and oilseed cultivation, steadily advance micro‑credit initiatives for people who have been lifted out of poverty, and promote collateral‑based financing for live livestock and poultry, agricultural facilities, and other assets. Encourage the Rural Revitalization Fund to increase its investment in agriculture. Develop a multi‑tiered agricultural insurance system. Effectively implement policies providing full‑cost and income‑insurance coverage for rice, wheat, corn, and soybeans, and work to reduce or eliminate county‑level co‑financing shares for agricultural insurance premiums in major grain‑producing counties. Support the development of insurance products for locally advantageous and distinctive agricultural products such as beef cattle and aquatic products, and explore innovative price‑insurance schemes for agricultural commodities. Improve systems related to loss assessment, damage verification, and advance claim payments, and promote integrated “insurance‑prevention‑rescue‑compensation” services. Encourage the expansion of “agricultural insurance + credit” services.

(39) Strengthen the development of rural talent teams. Promote the implementation of the Rural Revitalization Talent Support Program, and accelerate the cultivation and expansion of agricultural and rural talent pools. Enhance the development of agriculture-related disciplines in higher education institutions, advance targeted training for professionals in such fields under the “positions reserved upon enrollment, jobs secured upon graduation” model, and bolster the capacity of agricultural extension schools. Coordinate and make effective use of diverse resources for farmer education and training, implement the High-Quality Farmer Cultivation Program in depth, and continue to carry out comprehensive pilot projects that integrate learning with practical application. Vigorously implement the “Leading Goose” project to cultivate leading figures in rural industrial revitalization, giving priority to talent needed for emerging industries and new business models. Organize training programs for personnel in areas such as rural operations and management. Advance training for practical rural talent leaders, host the National Agricultural Industry Vocational Skills Competition, and identify and nurture a group of skilled practitioners in crop and livestock production as well as accomplished artisans in rural communities. Encourage and guide urban talent to serve rural areas, and work to improve evaluation, appointment, and incentive mechanisms. Launch an initiative to strengthen the capabilities of grassroots cadres, and intensify training for officials involved in agriculture.

(40) Strengthen legal safeguards for agriculture and rural areas. Accelerate the revision of the Agricultural Law, the Law on Farmland Protection and Quality Enhancement, and the Fisheries Law, and refine supporting regulations. Deepen the reform of comprehensive agricultural administrative law enforcement, implement the benchmark system for administrative discretion, improve and refine mechanisms for administrative inspections involving enterprises, and enhance law‑enforcement training. Launch the “Green Sword to Safeguard Grain Security” enforcement campaign to crack down rigorously on illegal acts that harm farmers and agriculture. Carry out the “Constitution Enters Rural Areas” initiative. Optimize administrative approval services and continue to promote end-to‑end electronic processing. Establish a “Rural Livelihood Response” working system to deliver concrete results and resolve practical problems for rural residents.

All levels of agricultural and rural departments must elevate their political awareness, thoroughly study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and continuously use the Party’s innovative theories to fortify their minds, guide practice, and advance their work. They should remain firmly committed to the people’s standpoint, uphold the bottom lines and red lines in “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” work, resolutely combat formalism and bureaucratism in the field of rural revitalization, continue to lighten the burden on the grassroots, and effectively safeguard the interests of farmers. Strengthen investigation and research, improve working methods, ensure rigorous implementation of tasks, and enhance capabilities in preventing and defusing risks and promoting all-round rural revitalization. We must deepen the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, earnestly address issues identified through inspection and audit feedback, persistently tackle misconduct and corruption that directly affect the people, and vigorously foster a clean and upright political environment conducive to entrepreneurship and development. By doing so, we will carry out all agricultural and rural tasks in a solid and effective manner, further consolidate the foundations of agriculture, promote greater prosperity in rural areas, and improve the livelihoods of farmers, thus achieving new and even greater results in advancing all-round rural revitalization and building a strong agricultural nation.

Source: Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs